Understanding pelvic organ prolapse
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common yet under-discussed medical condition that affects many women around the world. It occurs when pelvic organs, such as the uterus, bladder, or rectum, descend and protrude into the vaginal canal due to weakened pelvic floor muscles and tissues. In this blog, we will delve into the prevalence of POP, its potential causes, and highlight treatment options and exercises that can aid in managing this condition.
POP is a prevalent condition, with varying statistics across different populations. According to the American Urogynecologic Society (AUGS), approximately one in three women in the United States will experience some form of POP during their lifetime (AUGS, 2021). In a study conducted in Nigeria, the prevalence of POP was found to be as high as 46.8% among women (Odigie et al., 2017).
Causes and Risk Factors:
Several factors contribute to the development of POP. These include childbirth, menopause, aging, obesity, chronic coughing, heavy lifting, and genetics. Pregnancy and vaginal childbirth, in particular, are significant risk factors due to the strain they place on the pelvic floor muscles and tissues.
Treatment Options:
Treatment options for POP depend on the severity of the condition, the associated symptoms, and the patient's overall health. Non-surgical interventions often involve lifestyle changes, pelvic floor physical therapy, and the use of pessaries, which are devices placed in the vagina to provide support.
For more severe cases or when conservative methods fail, surgical intervention may be recommended. Surgical options range from traditional open surgeries to minimally invasive approaches, such as laparoscopic or robotic-assisted procedures.
Exercises for Pelvic Organ Prolapse:
Pelvic floor exercises, also known as Kegel exercises, are just one component of managing POP. These exercises aim to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, providing better support to the pelvic organs. Regular and proper execution of Kegel exercises can help alleviate symptoms and potentially prevent further prolapse.
To fully protect the pelvic organs from further prolapse, you need to look beyond the pelvic floor. Strengthening the abdominals and the hip muscles are essential to supporting the pelvic floor muscles and the pelvic organs. Looking at your breathing pattern is also a very important component to the pressures on the pelvic organs. Learning to exhale during a strenuous activity, such as lifting something, can help to prevent excessive downward pressure on the pelvis. Pelvic floor physical therapy will address the strength of your pelvic floor as well as working to strengthen the core and hip muscles and retrain any faulty breathing patterns.
Pelvic organ prolapse affects a significant number of women worldwide, impacting their quality of life. Understanding the prevalence, causes, and available treatment options is crucial for those experiencing or at risk of developing this condition. By adopting specific and targeted exercises and seeking appropriate medical advice from a pelvic floor physical therapist, women can manage POP effectively and regain control over their pelvic health.
References:
1. American Urogynecologic Society (AUGS). (2021). Pelvic Organ Prolapse. Retrieved from https://www.augs.org/p/bl/et/blogaid=351
2. Odigie, V. O., Yusufu, L. M., & Awolola, N. A. (2017). Prevalence and risk factors for pelvic organ prolapse in Ilorin, Nigeria. Journal of West African College of Surgeons, 7(1), 1-18.
